""" Demonstrates the use of loops to convert numbers Decimal to Hex Conversion steps: Divide the number by 16. Get the integer quotient for the next iteration. Get the remainder for the hex digit. Repeat the steps until the quotient is equal to 0 Algorithm for numeric conversion is at: https://www.rapidtables.com/convert/number/decimal-to-hex.html """ stage.set_background("schoolentrance") # image from https://foxvalleygirlscodingclub.files.wordpress.com/2017/02/fvgcclogotransparent1.png logo = codesters.Sprite("FVGCCLogo_56f", -105, 50) logo.set_size(.2) # sprite = codesters.Text("text") coding_club_name = codesters.Text("F\nV\nG\nC\nC", -60, 10) coding_club_name.set_color("fuchsia") # image from https://publicdomainvectors.org/photos/gahag-fuser9.png math_whiz = codesters.Sprite("CodingGirl_1f6", 20, -30) math_whiz.set_size(.4) math_whiz.say("Greetings! I am LuLu Looper", 3, "yellow") math_whiz.say("I can convert decimal numbers to hexadecimal numbers\nusing 2 kinds of loops a while and a for!", 3) decimal_number = 256 #Exception Handling: because we need numeric input we have to handle the case # where users input non-numeric data # Use the try..except code block. If the integer conversion fails, the code will # go to the except block instead of raising an ugly error message try: decimal_number = int(math_whiz.ask("Please give me a number to convert:")) math_whiz.say("Thanks! I will happily convert " + str(decimal_number) + " to Hex for you", 3) except: math_whiz.say("That isn't a number...", 3) math_whiz.say("I will use my favorite number " + str(decimal_number), 3) # this function uses 2 types of loops, a while and a for def decimal_to_hex(dec): hex_digits = [] quotient = dec if quotient == 0: return "00" #While loops continue to repeat as long as the condition is true while quotient > 0: print ("Quotient: " + str(quotient)) remainder = quotient % 16 #modulus operator % gives remainder hex_digits.append(str(remainder)) print ("Remainder: " + str(remainder)) quotient = quotient/16 hex_digits.reverse() #reverse is a built-in METHOD for stirngs #hex_digits is a list of string values between 0 and 15 # because each Hex value has to be a single character, # Hex values between 10 and 15 need to be represented by letters A to F converted_digits = "" #string will hold the converted Hex result # this is our second type of loop - iterate through each value in a list # we can loop throught the values in a list using the for value in list code block: for value in hex_digits: if value == "10": value = "A" elif value == "11": value = "B" elif value == "12": value = "C" elif value == "13": value = "D" elif value == "14": value = "E" elif value == "15": value = "F" converted_digits += str(value) #concatenate each value to the result string return converted_digits result = decimal_to_hex(decimal_number) math_whiz.say(str(decimal_number) + " converted to Hexadecimal is: " + result, 5) math_whiz.say("Try asking me to convert different powers of 16\nlike 16, 256, 4096, 65536, etc. for interesting results", 5)